Manual of Legal Citation/Journals, Magazines, & Newspaper Articles

Manual of Legal Citation Table of Contents

Foreword and Introduction

Foreword

Introduction

Background Rules

Rule 1. Two Types of Legal Documents

Rule 2. Typeface Standards

Rule 3. In-Text Citations

Rule 4. Signals

Rule 5. Capitalization Rules

Rule 6. Signals for Supporting Authority

Rule 7. Signals for Comparison

Rule 8. Signals for Contradictory Authority

Rule 9. Signals for Background Material

Rule 10. Order of Authorities Within Each Signal / Strength of Authority

Cases

Rule 11. Full citation

Rule 12. Court & Year

Rule 13. Weight of Authority and Explanatory Parenthetical

Rule 14. History of the Case

Rule 15. Short Form Citation for Cases

Statutes, Rules, Regulations, and Other Legislative & Administrative Materials

Rule 16. Federal Statutes

Rule 17. State Statutes

Rule 18. Rules of Procedure and Evidence, Restatements, and Uniform Acts

Rule 19. Administrative Rules and Regulations

Rule 20. Federal Taxation Materials

Rule 21. Legislative Materials

Rule 22. Short Form Citation of Legislative and Administrative Materials

Rule 23. Sources and Authorities: Constitutions

Court & Litigation Documents

Rule 24. Citing Court or Litigation Documents from Your Case

Rule 25. Citing Court or Litigation Documents from Another Case

Rule 26. Short Form Citation for Court Documents

Rule 27. Capitalization Within the Text of Court Documents and Legal Memoranda

Books & Non-Periodicals

Rule 28. Full Citation for Books & Non-Periodicals

Rule 29. Short Form Citation for Books & Non-Periodicals

Journals, Magazines, & Newspaper Articles

Rule 30. Full Citation for Journals, Magazines & Newspaper Articles

Rule 31. Short Form Citation for Journals, Magazines & Newspaper Articles

Internet Sources

Rule 32. General Principles for Internet Sources

Rule 33. Basic Formula for Internet Sources

Rule 34. Short Form Citations for Internet Sources

Explanatory Parentheticals

Rule 35. General Principles for Explanatory Parentheticals

Rule 36. Order of parentheticals

Quotations

Rule 37. General Principles for Quotations

Rule 38. Alterations of Quotations

Rule 39. Omissions in Quotations

Rule 40. Special Rules for Block Quotations

Tables

Table 1. Federal Judicial and Legislative Materials

Table 2. Federal Administrative and Legislative Materials

Table 3. U.S. States and Other Jurisdictions

Table 4. Required Abbreviations for Services

Table 5. Required Abbreviations for Legislative Documents

Table 6. Required Abbreviations for Treaty Sources

Table 7. Required Abbreviations for Arbitral Reporters

Table 8. Required Abbreviations for Intergovernmental Organizations

Table 9. Required Abbreviations for Court Names

Table 10. Required Abbreviations for Titles of Judges and Officials

Table 11. Required Abbreviations for Case Names In Citations

Table 12. Required Abbreviations for Geographical Terms

Table 13. Required Abbreviations for Document Subdivisions

Table 14. Required Abbreviations for Explanatory Phrases

Table 15. Required Abbreviations for Institutions

Table 16. Required Abbreviations for Publishing Terms

Table 17. Required Abbreviations for Month Names

Table 18. Required Abbreviations for Common Words Used In Periodical Names

Table 19. Table of Citation Guides

Table 20. Tables of Correspondence

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments

R30. Full Citation for Journals, Magazines & Newspaper Articles

R30.1. Citations to consecutively paginated journals

Citations to consecutively paginated journals (that is, journals in which page numbering is continued from the last issue) take the following form: <Author’s Name(s)>, <Italicized Title of the Article>, <volume number, if applicable> <Name of Publication, abbreviated> <page number of first page of article cited>, <pincite, if citing to specific point> <(year published)>.

• Example: Liz Brown, Bridging The Gap: Improving Intellectual Property Protection for the Look and Feel of Websites, 3 N.Y.U. J. Intell. Prop. & Ent. L. 310, 351 (2014).

R30.2. Citations to journals and magazines with standard pagination

Citations to journals and magazines with standard pagination (that is, where pagination re-starts for every issue) take the following form: <Author’s Name(s)>, <Italicized Title of the Article>, <Name of Publication, abbreviated>, <full date of publication>, at <page number of first page of article cited>.

You may add a pincite to the end of the citation, if you are citing to a particular point in the article, in the following form: , <pincite>.

• Example: Jack Dickey, The Power of Taylor Swift, Time, Nov. 24, 2014, at 13, 17.

R30.3. Citations to material written by students in law journals

Citations to material written by students in law journals take the following form: <Author’s Name(s), if signed with more than initials>, <Designation of Piece>, <Italicized Title of the Article>, <volume number, if applicable> <Name of Publication, abbreviated> <page number of first page of article cited>, <pincite, if citing to specific point> <(year published)>.

• Examples:

• Amanda Levendowski, Note, Using Copyright to Combat Revenge Porn, 3 N.Y.U. J. Intell. Prop. & Ent. L. 422 (2014).
• Victoria Nemiah, Note, License and Registration, Please: Using Copyright “Conditions” To Protect Free/Open Source Software, 3 N.Y.U. J. Intell. Prop. & Ent. L. 358, 361 (2014).
• Comment, Law and Lawns: Mandatory Water Restrictions and Substantive Due Process, 7 Calif. L. Rev. 138 (1972).

R30.4. Citations to newspaper articles

Citations to newspaper articles take the following form: <Author’s Name(s), if signed>, <Italicized Title of the Article>, <Name of Publication, abbreviated>, <full date of publication>, at <number of first page of article>.

• Examples:
  • Vikas Bajaj, Rules for the Marijuana Market, N.Y. Times, Aug. 5, 2014, at A20.
  • Charlie Savage, U.N. Commission Presses U.S. on Torture, N.Y. Times, Nov. 14, 2014, at A6.
  • Peter Baker & Julie Hirschfeld Davis, Obama, Down But Not Out, Presses Ahead, N.Y. Times, Nov. 14, 2014, at A1.

R31. Short Form Citation for Journals, Magazines & Newspaper Articles

If you have already cited a work from a periodical in full . . .

R31.1. id. when cited twice consecutively

Use “id.” to avoid placing two full citations that are exactly the same right next to each other.

• Example: The 24-year-old pop star spoke with TIME this fall as she readied for the release of her new album and again as she watched its record reception. Jack Dickey, The Power of Taylor Swift, Time, Nov. 24, 2014, at 13. ‘Other women who are killing it should motivate you,’ she says. Id.

R31.2. supra when cited twice nonconsecutively

Use “supra” when you’ve used the full citation before, but it’s not right next to the sentence you will provide the citation for now. Use a shortened title if you cite to multiple sources from the same author.

• Example: Brown, Bridging The Gap, supra, at 320.