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After law school, Jackson served as a law clerk to Judge Patti B. Saris of the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts from 1996 to 1997, then to Judge Bruce M. Selya of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit from 1997 to 1998. She spent a year in private practice at the Washington, D.C. law firm Miller Cassidy Larroca & Lewin (now part of [[Baker Botts]]), then clerked for Justice Stephen Breyer of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1999 to 2000.<ref name="SenateQuestionnaire" /><ref name="fjc.gov">{{Cite web |title=Jackson, Ketanji Brown |url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/jackson-ketanji-brown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201230353/https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/jackson-ketanji-brown |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |access-date=January 6, 2021 |website=[[Federal Judicial Center]]}}</ref>
===District Court===
On September 20, 2012, Obama nominated Jackson to serve as a judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to the seat vacated by retiring Judge Henry H. Kennedy Jr.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 20, 2012 |title=President Obama Nominates Two to the United States District Courts |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/09/20/president-obama-nominates-two-united-states-district-courts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411040310/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/09/20/president-obama-nominates-two-united-states-district-courts |archive-date=April 11, 2021 |access-date=March 3, 2021 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}</ref> Jackson was introduced at her December 2012 confirmation hearing by Republican Paul Ryan, a relative through marriage, who said "Our politics may differ, but my praise for Ketanji's intellect, for her character, for her integrity, it is unequivocal."<ref name="nyt" /> On February 14, 2013, her nomination was reported to the full Senate by voice vote of the Senate Judiciary Committee.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 3, 2013 |title=President Obama Re-nominates Thirty-Three to Federal Judgeships |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/01/03/president-obama-re-nominates-thirty-three-federal-judgeships |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407085130/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/01/03/president-obama-re-nominates-thirty-three-federal-judgeships |archive-date=April 7, 2020 |access-date=March 3, 2021 |website=[[whitehouse.gov]] |via=[[NARA|National Archives]]}}</ref> She was confirmed by the full Senate by voice vote on March 22, 2013. She received her commission on March 26, 2013<ref name="fjc.gov" /> and was sworn in by Justice Breyer in May 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Valencia |first=Milton J. |date=February 25, 2022 |title=Who is Ketanji Brown Jackson, Biden's pick for US Supreme Court? |work=The Boston Globe |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2022/02/25/nation/who-is-ketanji-brown-jackson-bidens-nominee-us-supreme-court |accessdate=February 25, 2022}}</ref>  


Jackson worked in private legal practice from 2000 to 2003.<ref name="KetanjiCommission">{{Cite press release |title=President Obama Nominates Ketanji Brown Jackson to US Sentencing Commission |date=July 23, 2009 |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-nominates-ketanji-brown-jackson-us-sentencing-commission |access-date=January 6, 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201230341/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-nominates-ketanji-brown-jackson-us-sentencing-commission |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |work=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref> From 2003 to 2005, she served as an assistant special counsel to the United States Sentencing Commission.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Yaffe-Bellany |first1=David |last2=Stohr |first2=Greg |date=March 30, 2021 |title=Supreme Court Path Set for Potential First Black Female Nominee |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-30/supreme-court-path-set-for-judge-biden-taps-for-appellate-seat |url-status=live |access-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421194223/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-30/supreme-court-path-set-for-judge-biden-taps-for-appellate-seat |archive-date=April 21, 2021}}</ref> From 2005 to 2007, Jackson was an assistant federal public defender in Washington, D.C., where she handled cases before U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss Cassens |first=Debra |date=March 30, 2021 |title=Biden's first judicial picks include DC Circuit nominee Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson, said to be SCOTUS contender |language=en |work=ABA Journal |url=https://www.abajournal.com/news/article/bidens-first-judicial-picks-include-dc-circuit-nominee-ketanji-brown-jackson-said-to-be-a-scotus-contender |url-status=live |access-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421194444/https://www.abajournal.com/news/article/bidens-first-judicial-picks-include-dc-circuit-nominee-ketanji-brown-jackson-said-to-be-a-scotus-contender |archive-date=April 21, 2021}}</ref> A ''Washington Post'' review of cases Jackson handled during her time as a public defender showed that "she won uncommon victories against the government that shortened or erased lengthy prison terms".<ref name="potential">{{Cite news |title=Potential pick Ketanji Brown Jackson would make history as first federal public defender on Supreme Court |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/11/ketanji-brown-jackson-supreme-court-defender/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211162830/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/11/ketanji-brown-jackson-supreme-court-defender/ |archive-date=February 11, 2022 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> From 2007 to 2010, Jackson was an appellate specialist at [[Morrison & Foerster]].<ref name="KetanjiCommission" /><ref name="fjc.gov" />
During her time on the District Court, Jackson wrote multiple decisions adverse to the positions of the Trump administration. In her opinion ordering Trump's former White House counsel Donald McGahn to comply with a legislative subpoena, she wrote "presidents are not kings".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Marimow |first=Ann |date=June 14, 2021 |title=Senate confirms D.C. Circuit nominee Ketanji Brown Jackson to replace Merrick Garland |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ketanji-brown-jackson-sentate-confirmation-vote/2021/06/14/14da742a-cd3a-11eb-8014-2f3926ca24d9_story.html |url-status=live |access-date=June 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615125504/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/ketanji-brown-jackson-sentate-confirmation-vote/2021/06/14/14da742a-cd3a-11eb-8014-2f3926ca24d9_story.html |archive-date=June 15, 2021}}</ref> Jackson handled a number of challenges to executive agency actions that raised questions of [[Administrative Law|administrative law]]. She also issued rulings in several cases that gained particular political attention.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Savage |first=Charlie |date=January 26, 2022 |title=Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson is among the leading candidates to succeed Justice Breyer. |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/26/us/politics/ketanji-brown-jackson-supreme-court.html |url-status=live |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201215753/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/26/us/politics/ketanji-brown-jackson-supreme-court.html |archive-date=February 1, 2022}}</ref>


===U.S. Sentencing Commission===
''Bloomberg Law'' reported in spring 2021 that conservative activists were pointing to certain decisions by Jackson that had been reversed on appeal as a "potential blemish on her record".<ref name=":0" /> In 2019, Jackson ruled that provisions in three Trump executive orders conflicted with federal employee rights to collective bargaining. Her decision was reversed unanimously by the D.C. Circuit. Another 2019 decision, involving a challenge to a Department of Homeland Security decision to expand the agency's definition of which noncitizens could be deported, was also reversed by the D.C. Circuit. Nan Aron, president of the liberal Alliance for Justice, defended Jackson's record, saying Jackson "has written nearly 600 opinions and been reversed [fewer] than twelve times".<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Alder |first=Madison |date=April 28, 2021 |title=Circuit Pick Jackson's Reversals a Likely Target for GOP |language=en |work=news.bloomberglaw.com |url=https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/circuit-pick-jacksons-reversals-a-likely-target-for-senate-gop |url-status=live |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201203410/https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/circuit-pick-jacksons-reversals-a-likely-target-for-senate-gop |archive-date=February 1, 2022}}</ref>
On July 23, 2009, Barack Obama nominated Jackson to become vice chair of the United States Sentencing Commission.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ingram |first=David |date=July 24, 2009 |title=Obama Taps Another MoFo Lawyer |url=https://legaltimes.typepad.com/blt/2009/07/obama-taps-another-morrison-foerster-lawyer.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090726072433/http://legaltimes.typepad.com/blt/2009/07/obama-taps-another-morrison-foerster-lawyer.html |archive-date=July 26, 2009 |access-date=January 6, 2021 |website=The BLT: The Blog of Legal Times}}</ref> The U.S. Senate confirmed Jackson by unanimous consent on February 11, 2010. She succeeded Michael E. Horowitz, who had served from 2003 until 2009. Jackson served on the Sentencing Commission until 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2013 |title=Former Commissioner Information |url=http://www.ussc.gov/about/commissioners/former-commissioner-information |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523001120/http://www.ussc.gov/about/commissioners/former-commissioner-information |archive-date=May 23, 2015 |access-date=January 6, 2021 |website=ussc.gov}}</ref><ref name="fjc.gov" /> During her time on the Commission, it retroactively amended the Sentencing Guidelines to reduce the guideline range for crack cocaine offenses,<ref name="first slate">{{Cite news |last1=Marimow |first1=Ann E. |last2=Viser |first2=Matt |date=March 29, 2021 |title=Biden's first slate of judicial nominees aims to quickly boost diversity in federal courts |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/legal-issues/biden-judicial-nominees-ketanji--brown-jackson/2021/03/29/38efad34-7773-11eb-8115-9ad5e9c02117_story.html |url-status=live |access-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330130753/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/legal-issues/biden-judicial-nominees-ketanji--brown-jackson/2021/03/29/38efad34-7773-11eb-8115-9ad5e9c02117_story.html |archive-date=March 30, 2021}}</ref> and enacted the "drugs minus two" amendment, which implemented a two offense-level reduction for drug crimes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwarzapfel |first=Beth |date=July 23, 2015 |title=Federal Prisons Could Release 1,000 Times More Drug Offenders Than Obama Did |url=https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/23/federal-prisons-could-release-1-000-times-more-drug-offenders-than-obama-did |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511021700/https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/07/23/federal-prisons-could-release-1-000-times-more-drug-offenders-than-obama-did |archive-date=May 11, 2020 |access-date=May 16, 2020 |website=The Marshall Project}}</ref>

Revision as of 01:32, February 27, 2022

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District Court

On September 20, 2012, Obama nominated Jackson to serve as a judge for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to the seat vacated by retiring Judge Henry H. Kennedy Jr.[1] Jackson was introduced at her December 2012 confirmation hearing by Republican Paul Ryan, a relative through marriage, who said "Our politics may differ, but my praise for Ketanji's intellect, for her character, for her integrity, it is unequivocal."[2] On February 14, 2013, her nomination was reported to the full Senate by voice vote of the Senate Judiciary Committee.[3] She was confirmed by the full Senate by voice vote on March 22, 2013. She received her commission on March 26, 2013[4] and was sworn in by Justice Breyer in May 2013.[5]

During her time on the District Court, Jackson wrote multiple decisions adverse to the positions of the Trump administration. In her opinion ordering Trump's former White House counsel Donald McGahn to comply with a legislative subpoena, she wrote "presidents are not kings".[6] Jackson handled a number of challenges to executive agency actions that raised questions of administrative law. She also issued rulings in several cases that gained particular political attention.[7]

Bloomberg Law reported in spring 2021 that conservative activists were pointing to certain decisions by Jackson that had been reversed on appeal as a "potential blemish on her record".[8] In 2019, Jackson ruled that provisions in three Trump executive orders conflicted with federal employee rights to collective bargaining. Her decision was reversed unanimously by the D.C. Circuit. Another 2019 decision, involving a challenge to a Department of Homeland Security decision to expand the agency's definition of which noncitizens could be deported, was also reversed by the D.C. Circuit. Nan Aron, president of the liberal Alliance for Justice, defended Jackson's record, saying Jackson "has written nearly 600 opinions and been reversed [fewer] than twelve times".[8]

  1. ↑ President Obama Nominates Two to the United States District Courts, (September 20, 2012)
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named nyt
  3. ↑ President Obama Re-nominates Thirty-Three to Federal Judgeships, (January 3, 2013)
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named fjc.gov
  5. ↑ Valencia, Milton J. Who is Ketanji Brown Jackson, Biden's pick for US Supreme Court?, The Boston Globe  (February 25, 2022)
  6. ↑ Marimow, Ann Senate confirms D.C. Circuit nominee Ketanji Brown Jackson to replace Merrick Garland, The Washington Post  (June 14, 2021)
  7. ↑ Savage, Charlie Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson is among the leading candidates to succeed Justice Breyer., The New York Times  (January 26, 2022)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Alder, Madison Circuit Pick Jackson's Reversals a Likely Target for GOP, news.bloomberglaw.com  (April 28, 2021)
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